Maklu

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Contents:

Introduction
A. Verhage, L. Bisschop, W. Hardyns

Articles

‘Moral’ versus ‘Risk-based’ Policing of Cybercrime.Insights from Police Response to Internet Fraud in Saudi Arabia’sCapital City, Riyadh
A.F. Algarni (1)

Abstract
This paper contributes to current debates on the policing of Internet fraud by introducing theSaudi Arabian experience. Drawing on field research in the capital city, Riyadh, it explores how thisnew aspect of policing activity fits in with not only the existing organisational practices, but alsothe occupational and individual concerns of frontline officers. Moreover, the article considers theimplications of the Saudi culture, social norms, and values for police responses to Internet fraud.It is argued that the policing of Internet fraud in Saudi Arabia, and the extent to which it fits withcontemporary debates on risk-based policing of cybercrime, can only be understood by examininghow new policing modes and cultural traditions merge and integrate to shape police response tothis novel criminal phenomenon.

Keywords: fraud, internet, cybercrime, policing, risk, morality

(1) Assistant Professor of Criminology at King Fahad Security College’s Centre forStudies and Research.

Policing Online ChildSexual Abuse. The British Experience
E. Martelozzo (1)

Abstract
Incidents of child sexual abuse (CSA) are frequently documented and have recently attracted intensepolice, public scrutiny and efforts of social control across the Western world. This paper aims toexplore the very concerning issue of online CSA and the way in which the police is responding tothis growing problem. It will present some of the challenges the police in the United Kingdomface daily in dealing with the threats to children’s online safety. It argues that although proactiveundercover policing has helped police forces to unmask sex offenders who predate innocentvictims online, the advancement of technology is making the work of police officers more and morechallenging. The findings presented have been collected over the last decade (2003-2013) duringtwo exploratory, grounded theory studies, which involved the interviews with 21 police officersand forensic examiners and the observation and analysis of three police operations at the LondonMetropolitan Police Paedophile Unit in London.

Keywords: online child sexual abuse, online safety, technology, undercover policing, police challenges

(1) Criminologist at Middlesex University in London.

The Italian Police Forces intoNeoliberal Frame. An Example of Perpetual Coexistenceof Democratic and AuthoritarianPractices and of Anamorphosis ofDemocratic Rules of Law
S. Palidda (1)

Abstract
This text proposes a description and analysis of the Italian police forces. The approach adoptedspecifically regards their social and political construction and therefore their practices within thepolitical organization of society. In order to better analyse the social construction of the Italianpolice case, I propose regarding the police as one of the several social institutions involved in thecontinuous experimentation to find a political organization of society. Research into the Italianpolice forces has been, and is still, very rare. In this paper I refer to research that I have carried outon the Italian police forces since 1990, and also to other documents and knowledge gathered injudicial inquiries and from reliable special reports.

Keywords: Italian police forces, anamorphosis of the rules of law, tolerated and intolerable illegalities,discretion of police forces, ignored insecurities

(1) Professor a