European Journal of Policing Studies – Jaargang 2/4 (2014) (ISSN 2034-760x). Special Issue: Migrants as police officers

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Contents:

Introduction
A. Verhage, L. Bisschop, W. Hardyns

Articles

Migrants as Police Officers. Introduction
F. Sack (1) & D. Klimke (2)

(1) Professor emeritus of criminology at the Universität Hamburg, Institut für Kriminologische Sozialforschung.
(2) Professor for criminology at the Police Academy in Nienburg.

Interculturalism in the Police. Diversity or Assimilation?
D. Klimke (1)

Abstract
The German police force has so far largely been unaffected by the growing minority of migrants.
In contrast to many large companies that have understood that diversity is rewarding, the police
have operated as a closed shop towards migrants. Diversity management is a very recent concept
in the German police forces compared to other countries. While the active police force largely
expresses some resistance to the integration of migrants, police administration has understood
that the integration of migrants into the police force is now of vital importance. However, this
process is still hampered by the existing police and cop culture and, correspondingly, the rejection
of anything foreign.

Keywords: ethnic minority police officer, diversity, police culture

(1) Professor for criminology at the Police Academy in Nienburg.

Professional Anomalies. Diversity Policies Policing Ethnic
Minority Police Officers
S. Çankaya (1)

Abstract
This paper discusses how diversity policies within organizations contribute to paradoxical outcomes
in face-to-face interactions. The findings are the result of a long-term ethnographic study on the
processes of in- and exclusion of ethnic minority police officers in the Netherlands between 2007-
2011. Since the 1980s the Dutch police struggle both in terms of recruitment and retention of
ethnic minorities. Various policy measures have been taken since then. The main argument is that
diversity policies construct and perpetuate ethnic differences. This discourse impacts processes of
in- and exclusion in everyday interactions, increases ‘groupness’ and leads to dilemmas in ways of
feeling and acting among ethnic minority police officers. In specific situations, the norm images of
a ‘good’ police officer, such as integrity, solidarity and neutrality, diametrically clash with the ideal
images within diversity policies. Paradoxically, diversity policies within the Dutch police context
sustain everyday inequalities for ethnic minorities, while striving for equality.

Keywords: ethnic categorization, police organization, police culture, ethnicity, in- and exclusion,
discrimination, racialization, diversity policy

(1) Currently conducts a research on security guards in semi-public environments,
commissioned by The Hague School of Applied Sciences.

Minority Police Officers in the
French Police. The ‘Republican tradition’ and the
Workplace Experience of
Minority Officers
J. Gauthier (1) & R. Lévy (2)

Abstract
This article discusses the situation of police officers from visible ethnic minorities within the French
National Police Force. Part one deals with the main ideological and institutional factors responsible
for the longstanding refusal to consider the issue of ethnicity in the police institution and goes on
to describe the more pragmatic attitude prevailing within that institution in recent years, in spite of
some resistance. Part two describes the tangible problems encountered by officers from minority
groups as uncovered in a field study conducted in the Paris area.

Keywords: police, security, minorities, discrimination, France

(1) Researcher at the Centre Marc Bloch in Berlin.
(2) Senior research d